Under-sea and heavier-than-air craft or the like



March 26, 1963 D. cARDwl-:LL ETAL 3,082,975

UNDER-SEA AND HEAVIER-THAN-AIR CRAFT OR THE LIKE Filed sept. 11, 1961 2sheets-sheet 1 INVENTORS D/cK Czawezl.

, By ,wauw f-T semy. 5on5/v t i @Ma/4. 54% 1:7 L "T/ Z- March 26, 1963D. cARDwELL :TAL 3,082,975

UNDER-SEA AND HEAVIER'THN-IR CRAFT 0R THE LIKE Filed Sept. 11, 1961 2Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent O M 3,082,975 UNDER-SEA ANDHEAVIER-TEAN-AIR CRAFT GR THE LIKE Bici; Cardweli, 5113 Hilda Road, andAdolph F. Graf Von Soden, 4529 Noyes St., Pacific Beach, both of SanDiego, Caiif.

Filed Sept 11, 1961, Ser. No. 137,237 4 Claims. (Cl. 244-2) rl`hisinvention relates to the undersea and heavierthan-air craft and moreparticularly to semi-marine vessels, which may be used and employed forsecuring a transportation of cargo or passengers, including militaryequipment for whatever purpose it may be required, said vessel to beapplicable also for uses as a submerged and close to the surface of-water operating craft.

Manifestly an object of the invention is to provide a suitablyconstructed craft, having a hull and means connected to `and associatedtherewith for directing said craft in a direction as it may be required,and also, having a suitable power means adapted for propelling saidcraft when submerged under the surface of water, and also for propellingsame when oating upon the water surface and, when in the air.

Accordingly, an object of the invention is to provide said craft with asuitable hull or fuselage, said fuselage having means for submergingsame under water surface and having means for propelling said hull orfuselage when submerged, also for `directing yand guiding the course ofsaid submerged craft as required, and also having means for surfacingsaid submerged craft when necessary and required.

A further object of the invention is to provide said craft with asuitable hull or fuselage, having means for floating said fuselage upona surface of water, also having suitable means for propelling saidfuselage at a high rate of speed, and in addition said fuselage having aset of suitably arranged stabilizers and hydrofoils which are securedthereon -and `adapted -for lifting said hull or fuselage out of thewater and for holding same slig tly above the water surface foreliminating the drag and skin friction with said fuselage surfaces, andthereby causing said craft to attain a high rate of speed includingmaneuverability, and when used as a displacement craft.

Another object of the invention is to provide a suitably constructedcraft having a hull or yfuselage elongated in shape and tapering indiametrical cross-section toward the stern end thereof, said fuselagehaving a pair of sidewardly -extendable and retractable wing structuresadapted for supporting said fuselage when in air, also, said fuselage;having a suitable power unit mounted therein for propelling and forsustaining said craft in the air when ainborne, and in addition s-aidcraft having means for landing same upon a body of water, for surfacenavigation and for submerging, having suitable power -means forrendering said craft navigable when in air and in flight and whensurfaced upon a body of water.

A further object of the invention is to provide said craft with suitablepropulsion means adapted for rendering said craft navigable whensubmerged within twenty feet of water since the purpose of the inventionis not for maintaining `deep sea diving operations, also said crafthaving suitable motive power means `for navigating same above the watersurface or in ight when in foilborne position and controlled in itsflight by means of hydrofoils associated therewith. Y

The invention also has for its objects to provide such means that arepositive in operation, convenient in use, easily installed in a workingposition and easily discon- 3,082,975 Patented Mar. 26, 1963 ICE nectedtherefrom, economical in manufacture, relatively simple, and of generalsuperiority and serviceability.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention as willhereinafter more fully appear, are attained by the construction hereinshown on the drawings and described in the specification, forming a partof the application.

Reference is now had to the accompanying drawings, in which the similarreference characters denote the same parts.

In the drawings:

PIG. l shows a longitudinal side elevational view of the undersea andheavier-than-air craft.

FIG. 2 shows the top plan View of the craft, taken from the top of FIG.1, and showing one wing in an extended position.

FIG. 3 shows a front elevational View of the craft, showing same Ain thedirection of arrow 3, in FIG. 2, having one of the wings in an extendedposition.

FIG. 4, shows the stern rend elevational view of the craft.

FIG. 5 shows a transverse longitudinal and partly sectional view of thecraft, taken on lines 5-5 of the FIG. 2.

FIG. 6 shows `a top plan and partly sectional view of the craft, takenon lines 6-6 of the FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 shows a vertically sectional view of the craft, taken on line 7 7of the FIG. 2.

FIG. 8 shows a vertically sectional view of the craft, taken on line 8 8of the FIG. 6', and showing the center hydrofoils in modified position.

FIG. 9 shows another vertically sectional view thereof,

taken on line 9'-9 of the FIG. I6.

FG. 10 shows a top plan view of the hull, `disclosing the retractedposition of said wings, showing same in a modified form.

FIG. 11 shows a fragmentary and side elevational view of the hullincluding the hydrofoils, showing same tangularly adjustable and inmodified form.

FIG. 12 shows a top plan view of the hydrofoils, taken in the directionof lines 12-12 from FIG. 11.

Describing the invention more in detail, in its broader aspects, saidinvention comprises a craft, consisting of a suitable bow section 4 anda stern section 6, also having a starboard side 8 and a portside ltl,t-hus forming a hull or fuselage structure, generally designated bynumeral 12.

Said hull or fuselage 12 is elongated in structure, having an upperlongitudinal plate or covering 14 which is suitably spaced over thetopmost hull section 16 and thereby forming a longitudinal compartment18 wherein a pair of wing structure members 20 are housed and retained.

Said compartment 18 is open on both sides and extending from thefrontward section 22 into said stern section 6, as shown, and thereabovea suitably arranged and upwardly extending iin member 24 is providedwhich is substantially an integral part of said covering 14, the uppersection of which terminating with a horizontal stabilizer 26 havingsuitable elevator 28 hingedly attached thereto, and thereunder therearwardly and upwardly extending -section of said fin member 24 isprovided with a hingedly attached rudder 30.

For the operation of said Wing structures 20, including said elevator 28and said rudder 30, each of -said members is provided with suitablyactuated hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 20', 28 and Sil respectively,which are conventional in structure and operable by means of suitablehydraulic or pneumatic controls disposed within 22, as shown.

Said pair of wing structures repose longitudinally within saidcompartment 18 and the front sections of which are provided with andpivotally mounted at the starboard and the portside respectively of saidlfuselage 12, each being mounted upon a suitable pivot member 38, andeach is pivotally actuated by means of said hydraulic 'or pneumaticcylinders previously mentioned, for causing lsaid wing structures 20 toybe pivoted sidewardly and outwardly and out of said compartment 1S, asshown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Said wing structures 20 may, if so desired, be arranged longitudinallyWithin said compartment A18 in an overlaid position, as shown in FIGS. 2and 7, or, said wing structures may be arranged to lie longitudinallyand parallel to each other, so that 'same may be enclosed Within saidcompartment 1S, as shown in FIG. 3.

Also, each of said wing structures 20 is provided with a pivotallymounted brace or strut 40, having the upper end 42 pivotally secured tothe underside and approximately the mid-section of said wing, while thelowermost end 44 of said brace or strut 40 is pivotally connected to thelower section of said hull or fuselage 12 and in close `proximity to akeel structure 46 thereof.

Internally of said keel structureV 46 and at the mounting position ofsaid lowermost ends 44 of said braces 40, a suitable cross -bar 48 isprovided, which is employed for supporting a pair of front centerhydrofoils 50, each of which extends downwardly therefrom, or, if sodesired to be angularly positioned therein` as shown in FIGS. 3 and 8.

A part of said hull or`fuselage 12 at the front section thereof,comprise an outer and inner wall 52 and 54 respectively, including theflooring 55 and the ceiling plate 55' disposed therein, `thus forming acentral compartment 56 and also suitable Vindependently. partitionedside enclosures 58 and 60, wherein'a suitable ballast may be stored andbe used when submerging said fuselage 12 below the water surface, saidenclosures 5,8,and 60 having conventional and suitable pumping unit (notshown) adapted for expelling said ballast therefrom for surfacingpurposes.

Below said flooring 55 lof 'said central compartment 56, the frontwardsection or spacek 62 leading to and terminating at said bow 4 andextending along said keel 46, may be used for mounting therein as-uitable bilge ypump 64 and a marine power plant 6,6 including other'craft `propulsiongear and mechanism 'that may be most advantageous andapplicable in practice.

Saidl power plant 66 is provided with a drive shaft 68 and arranged forpassing through a suitable packing box 70, said shaft extendingoutwardly through said fuselage keel and the extended end of `which isprovided with a conventional universal joint 72, to which a shaftextension 74 is connected and which terminates with a suitable propellermember 76. A ,Y ,Y p A :The rearwardly extending underside section ofsaid stern 6 and above the entirey length of said shaft extension 74including said propeller member 76 a fuselage recess 7S is provided andadapted for housing said shaft extension and said propeller membertherein.

K The lowering and elevating of said propeller member A76 into anyoperable position below said stern section 6 is4 accomplished by meansof a hydraulically actuated cylinder 80, `which is operable by means ofsuitable control mechanism (not shown) and `disposed within said cabin36 hereinbefore mentioned.

It may be noted, that the craft of the structure herein disclosed is notfor the purpose to be used exclusively fordeep sea diving operations,since it is precluded to vextend the under surface activity of theapparatus within the to 50 feet in depth, therefore the volume ofballast that may be required fors'uch operations is comparatively low,and in volume depending upon the dimensionalV size or tonnage of thecraft in use. v

Said central compartment 56 is also provided with a plurality of portholes 86, each having a tubular enclosure extending to said outer wall52 of said fuselage, and the space thus provided within said compartmentS6 may, if so desired, be utilized for passengers or cargo storage, sothat when using said craft for passenger service the suitable chairs 8Smay -be installed therein, as shown in FIG. 9.

The entry and exits for Asaid passengers and the crew, or the storedcargo may be arranged in a conventional manner that in practice may bemost desirable and practicable.

Within said bow section 4 and above said ceiling plate 55 of saidcentral compartment 56, a suitable upper enclosuret() is provided, whichmay be used for storing cargo, ballast, fuel or air compression tanks92, which may be used for the purposes desired, having also a suitableair compressor or accumulator mounted therein (not shown) forreplenishing the used supply when in operation.

Said fuselage 12 is also divided by a vertically positioned wall orpartition 96 which is disposed past the point of center gravity of thecraft for forming a rear Wall section of said central compartment 56,and thus providing a rearward enclosure 98 which extends to the end ofsaid stern section 6.

Said enclosure 98 is provided with a tail opening 99 disposed at saidstern section 6,'which is arranged for housing therein a pair of powerunits 10u and 100 having their respective nozzle members positioned inline with the edge of said enclosure 98, as shown.

It may be noted, that said power units may be mounted therein in pairs,as shown, or that a single power unit may be installed wthin saidenclosure 98, also, that any suitable combinations, types, orpluralities of power units may be employed therein as in practice may befound to be most Vdesirableand be'used for the purposes intended.

VWhen a pai-r of said power units 100 and 100 are used, as shown inFIGS. 4, 5 and 6, each unit is provided with a suitablerair intakeconduits 102 and 102 respectively, and each orice thereof extends to andterminates at the external surface of said hull or fuselage 12, and eachorifice Ais provided with a'pivotally mounted closure or gate 104 and104 respectively, so that same may be swung in- `yvardly into position,for closing said air intake orifices when said craft is used forsubmerged navigation, and,

that said orifices-may be opened when said craft is airborne oriloatingover the water surface.

Each closure or gate 104 and 104 is hydraulically or pneumaticallyactuated into its closing or'opening position bymeans of a suitablyarranged control cylinder 106 and 106' respectively, the operation ofwhich is regulated from said cabin 36. Also, said discharge or tailopening 99 disposed at the stern section 6 is provided with a suitablehingedly mounted cover 110, which encloses the entire opening thereofand 1n operation is actuated by means of a hydraulic cylinder 112mounted as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.

When said craft is in readiness for submerging and for under the watersurface navigation, said closures or gates 104 and 194 including saidtail cover 110 are closed, for preventing water seepage into saidrearward enclosure Interiorly and within said enclosure 98 suitable fueltank or a plurality of tanks 114 lare mounted for providing fuel forsaid power units 100` and 100' respectively.

Itrmay be noted, that said craft may be operable at high speed whenairborne by employing said wings 20 and propelled by said power units100 and 100', also, that said g craft may be navigable when floatingupon the water suring upon the -water surface, said hull 12 is providedwith suitable hydrofoils of which a pair of front center hydrofoils 50are positioned at the forebody section 119 of said hull and also havinga pair of stern hydrofoils 119 at the stern section 6 for securing thebest results.

Said hydrofoils 50 and 119' are provided with a streamline outer shield120 which is hollow in structure and made an integral part of theunderside hull structure, each having a companion shield 122 which isalso hollow in crosssection and slidably mounted in said outer shell.

Each of said companion shields 122 and Within its hollow section isprovided with a `suitable hydraulic cylinder 126, each having a controlrod extending downwardly and the end of which is pivotally secured to aplate 127 disposed at the downwardly extending end section of saidcompanion shield 122, and which is bridged between said pair `ofhydrofoils as shown, for forming a rigid bridge structure between saidrespective members.

The upper end of said hydraulic cylinder 126 in each hydrofoil shield120 and 122 is mounted upon said cross bar 48, also, said hydrauliccylinders having suitable pipe connections extending to said cabin 36wherein same are connected to a control panel disposed therein, so thatthe position of said plate 127 may be elevated `or lowered whenrequired.

Also, vsaid forebody section 119' is provided with a pair of controlstabilizers 130 and 130 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, which are disposedone at each side and slightly above said pair of front center hydrofoils50, each having an 4outer shield 132 and 132 and also a companion shield134 and 134 slidably mounted one within the other, and the downwardlyextending end of each companion shield 134 and 134 having a stabilizerplate 136 and 136 secured thereto.

Each of said control stabilizers 130 and 130 is provided with ahydraulic cylinder 138 and 138 which is connected in the same manner asherein before described, so that in operation said stabilizer plate 136and 136' may be elevated and lowered individually, whereby themaneuverability and sharp turns of the craft may be attained whenlifting one stabilizer and depressing the other.

Said pair of stern hydrofoils 119 disposed at said stern section 6 areemployed for maintaining a constant draft of `said stern `section ofsaid eraf-t when in motion and `allowed to skim the water surface.

In structure, said stern hydrofoils 119' comprise outer shields 146 and146 which are positioned vertically in relation to the horizontal axisof the craft and which extend downwardly from said hull 12 at said sternsection 6, as shown in FIG. 4.

Said hydrofoil outer shields 146 and 146 are also provided withcompanion shields 148 and 148 which lare slidably mounted within saidouter shields and the downwardly extending ends thereof having a commoncross bridged plate 150 for connecting both of said companion shields143 and 148', and for forming a rigid bridge structure between saidrespective members.

Each of said hydrofoils 119 and 119' is provided with a hydrauliccylinder 152 and 152' respectively, so that the lowering and elevatingof said cross bridged plate 150 may be maintained and controlled in thesimilar manner as hereinbefore described.

It may then be noted, that said craft when navigably oating upon thewater surface may be maintained operable at high speeds `and be easilymaneuverable, particularly because said bridged plate 150 of saidhydrofoil 119' may be maintained at any desired surface depth, and alsofor allowing said front center hydrofoil 50 to be suitably controlledand maintained at the desired depth, so that said bow section 4 of saidhull 12 may be raised, and thereby eliminating the hull surface waterfriction.

Also, when said control stabilizers 130 and 130 are used, by depressingor elevating one or the other individually, thus a variable turn andshift of said craft from one side to the other may be attained, so that,when said starboard stabilizer is depressed and causing the respectivestabilizer plate 136 to come in contact with water and at the same timecausing said portside hydrofoil 130 to become elevated, then said hull12 will shift its floating position at a sharp angle to the starboardside, and also, when said portside hydrofoil 130 is reversed in themanner herein before described then said hull 12 will turn sharply tothe port side particularly when said starboard side stabilizer 130 iselevated.

Further, when said craft is entirely submerged, the operation of saidstarboard and portside stabilizers 130' and 130 is performed in themanner herein above described, then the desired maneuverability of saidcraft including sharp turns in deep water may be had.

When said craft is submerged for navigational oper-ation and reaches asuitable depth, and also when it is desired to scan the horizon over thewater surface and the space thereabove, a suitable periscope apparatusmay be provided upon the top section 162 of said cabin 36, and which, ifso desired, may be made retractable and extendable, and also suitablyshielded so that the water contact friction may be alleviated.

As shown in FIGS. 1l and l2, said front center hydrofoil structure 50and said stern hydrofoil structure 119 are modified in construction,showing same pivotally mounted for securing greater maneuverability ofthe craft when in submerging and surfacing operations.

To that end, said cross bar 48 disposed below said forebody section 119and a cross bar 48 provided at the stern section 6 are each providedwith end hinge pins 170 and respectively, said pins extending outwardlyof said hull 12 provide mounting bearings to which the combined bar andhydrofoil plates 171 and 171 are connected.

Said combined bar and hydrofoil plate 171 and 171' are each providedwith a suitable yoke member 172 and 172', to which the respectiveextension rod 174 and 174' is connected and which are substantially apart of the respective hydraulic cylinders 176 and 176 as shown.

Said hydraulic cylinders 176 and 176' are mounted in a conventionalmanner within said hull 12 of said craft, and are operable in unison orindependently of each other, and in the usual and conventional manner bymeans of controls and regulators disposed in said cabin 36, so thatvariable angular positions which may be frontward or rearward, `as shownin dotted lines, may be had when the hydrofoil plates 171 and 171' arein use and operation.

It may then be noted, that in operation, the angular position -of saidhydrofoil plates 171 and 171 may be used for fast `and rapid submergingand surfacing operations and lalso maintaining nearly a horizontalposition of said hull 12.

While this invention is described herein in great particularity, it willbe clear that the same may be modified throughout a wide range.

Accordingly, it is not proposed that this invention be limi-ted to theexact details of construction herein shown in the drawings and describedin the specification, and that reservations of the rights in practiceare made, to the end that any necessary changes and modifications may bemade therein, which may come within the scope of the appended claims.

We claim as the invention:

l. In a navigable craft of the class described having a hull consistingof an impermeable elongated body and oatable upon water surface andconsisting of -a bow section, a starboard side, a portside and a sternsection, said hull having a forebody section and a front centerhydrofoil extending downwardly therefrom, and said stern section having.a stern hydrofoil supported on a pair of telescoping shields andextending downwardly therefrom, a longitudinal compartment upon the topsection of said hull extending from a forebody section and terminatingin close proximity at said stern section, a pair of wing means pivotallymounted 4at said forebody section of said hull and within saidlongitudinal compartment for pivotally and simultaneously :extending oneat said starboard side and the other at said ports'ide and atapproximately 'right angles to the horizontal center axis of said hulland thereby providing an airborne lift for said craft, a brace connectedto Vand extending from said hull at said starboard side and saidportside and connecting said respective wing means for supporting samein extended vposition and when said craft is skimming over the watersurface and when airborne, the combination of, a plurality of sideenclosures in the sides said -huli independently partitioned forretaining ballast therein and thereby -allowing said craft -to besubmersible and navigable under the water surface, a pair of power unitsin said stern section of said hull for propelling said craft whenairborne, also when floating and skimming upon the water surface and amarine power unit below said stern section having the propeller thereofdirected between said downwardly extending pair of telescoping shieldsof said stern hydrofoil when submerged.

2. In a navigable craft of the class described, as disclosed in claim 1,wherein a central compartment provided-and extending in part of saidelongated body and nfrontwardly of said stern section of said hull forsecuring `passengers and cargo storage therein, a plurality of portholes in said port side and said starboard side passing 'through saidside enclosures and communicating with said central compartment, saidfront center hydrofoil in said forebody section extending downwardlyfrom the bottom of said hull for lifting said bow section and forholding same above the water surface when skimming thereover, said sternhydrofoil extending downwardly lfrom said stern section of said hull forlifting and for holding said stem section above the water surface whenskimming thereover, andA a pair of'side stabilizers one at saidstarboard side and the other at said port Vside angularly and sidewardlyextending,r from said forebody of said hull and operable independentlyof each other and in unison for controlling the turns of said craft tosaid starboard side and said port side when saidcraft is in navigableoperation 'at high rate of speed upon the water surface and whensubmerged.

3. In a navigable craft of the class described as disclosed 'in claim l,wherein, said yfront center hydrofoil `is retractable, telescoping sidestabilizers are provided,

said fron-t and stern hydrofoils and telescoping side stabilizers areconnected to said hull for lifting and for holding said craft above thewater surface for controlling the maneuverability of said craft whenpropelled and skimming at high speed upon the water surface and whensubmerged.

4. in a navigable Vcraft of the class described having in combination anairtight floatable elongated hull, the'combination of, a bow section,the starboard side, the port side and .a stern section, including acabin at the top of Ithe forebody of said hull, a longitudinalcompartment in said hull extending to and terminating at the sternsection thereof, a pair of wing structures pivotally mounted in saidlongitudinal compartment, a pair of telescoping braces pivotallyconnected to the sides of said Ihull and pivotally connecting said wingstructures for supporting 4same when in housed position in saidlongitudinal compartment and when in outwardly extended position forrendering said ycraft airborne, a plurality of side enclosures in thesides of said hull independently partitioned therein for retainingballast therein, a central compartment in said forebody of said hull forproviding passengers and cargo storage therein, a plurality of portholes in said port side and said starboard side of said hull passingthrough said side enclosures and communicating with said centralcompartment, a pair of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders in said lhulland connecting each respective wing structure for the simultaneousactuation and control o'f lthe position of said pair of wing structuresand controllable from said cabin, an extendable and contractible frontcenter hydrofoil mounted beneath said forebody 'of said hull, a pair ofhydraulic or pneumatic cylinders connecting said front center hydrofoilfor actuating the position thereof and controllable from said cabin, a.pair of extendable and contractible stern hydr'ofoils beneath saidstern of said hull, a pair of hydraulic lor pneumatic cylinders eachconnecting said respective 'hydrofoil for actuating the respectivepositions thereof and controllable from said cabin, a pair of extendableand con-tractible stabilizers each mounted at the respective side ofsaid forebody of said hull and above said front center 'hydrofo'ih apair 'of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders connecting said respectivestabilizers for actuating Ysame in unison or independently of each otherfor extending or contracting their respective positions and controllablefrom said cabin and kthereby regulating and controlling the sharp turnand shift of said hull when said craft is submerged or when skimming theWater surface, a pair of power units in said stern of said hull forpropelling said craft when airborne or when skimming ov'er the watersurface, and a marine power unit in said hull connecting a propel-lerbeneath said stern for propelling said craft when skimming over thewater surface and when submerged.

References Cited in the 1tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,444,332 Briggs et al. June 29, 1948 2,666,602 Holland J an. '19, 19542,720,367 Doolittle Oct. 1l, 1955 2,980,047 Korganot et al Apr. 18, 19612,991,747 Bader et al Iuly 1l, 1961

1. IN A NAVIGABLE CRAFT OF THE CLASS DESCRIBED HAVING A HULL CONSISTINGOF AN IMPERMEABLE ELONGATED BODY AND FLOATABLE UPON WATER SURFACE ANDCONSISTING OF A BOW SECTION, A STARBOARD SIDE, A PORTSIDE AND A STERNSECTION, SAID HULL HAVING A FOREBODY SECTION AND A FRONT CENTERHYDROFOIL EXTENDING DOWNWARDLY THEREFROM, AND SAID STERN SECTION HAVINGA STERN HYDROFOIL SUPPORTED ON A PAIR OF TELESCOPING SHIELDS ANDEXTENDING DOWNWARDLY THEREFROM, A LONGITUDINAL COMPARTMENT UPON THE TOPSECTION OF SAID HULL EXTENDING FROM A FOREBODY SECTION AND TERMINATINGIN CLOSE PROXIMITY AT SAID STERN SECTION, A PAIR OF WING MEANS PIVOTALLYMOUNTED AT SAID FOREBODY SECTION OF SAID HULL AND WITHIN SAIDLONGITUDINAL COMPARTMENT FOR PIVOTALLY AND SIMULTANEOUSLY EXTENDING ONEAT SAID STARBOARD SIDE AND THE OTHER AT SAID PORTSIDE AND ATAPPROXIMATELY RIGHT ANGLES TO THE HORIZONTAL CENTER AXIS OF SAID HULLAND THEREBY PROVIDING AN AIRBORNE LIFT FOR SAID CRAFT, A BRACE CONNECTEDTO AND EXTENDING FROM SAID HULL AT SAID STARBOARD SIDE AND SAID PORTSIDEAND CONNECTING SAID RESPECTIVE WING MEANS FOR SUPPORTING SAME INEXTENDED POSITION AND WHEN SAID CRAFT IS SKIMMING OVER THE WATER SURFACEAND WHEN AIRBORNE, THE COMBINATION OF, A PLURALITY OF SIDE ENCLOSURES INTHE SIDES SAID HULL INDEPENDENTLY PARTITIONED FOR RETAINING BALLASTTHEREIN AND THEREBY ALLOWING SAID CRAFT TO BE SUBMERSIBLE AND NAVIGABLEUNDER THE WATER SURFACE, A PAIR OF POWER UNITS IN SAID STERN SECTION OFSAID HULL FOR PROPELLING SAID CRAFT WHEN AIRBORNE, ALSO WHEN FLOATINGAND SKIMMING UPON THE WATER SURFACE AND A MARINE POWER UNIT BELOW SAIDSTERN SECTION HAVING THE PROPELLER THEREOF DIRECTED BETWEEN SAIDDOWNWARDLY EXTENDING PAIR OF TELESCOPING SHIELDS OF SAID STERN HYDROFOILWHEN SUBMERGED.